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Elderberry

Berries · Perennial

Elderberry

Adoxaceae

At a glance

Plant spacing
200 cm
USDA zones
4a–8b
Frost-sensitive
no
Growth duration
22 weeks

Which beds suit?

Sun (prefers)
full sunAlso okay:partial shade
Soil (prefers)
loamyAlso okay:claysandy
Drainage (prefers)
normalAlso okay:heavy / waterlogged

Seed & start

Perennial

Plant once, returns every year.

Stachi's tip

Elderberry grows large (2-3 m) — better in a ground bed. Flowers for cordial, berries edible ONLY when cooked (raw mildly toxic). Pioneer shrub, grows anywhere.

Who is Stachi? →

The plant's year: sowing, transplanting, harvest

Sowing

No sowing weeks recorded.

Transplanting

Harvest

Good neighbours

Limited evidence. This value is not backed by a specialist source — treat it as a pointer.

Avoid these neighbours

No known conflicts.

Limited evidence. This value is not backed by a specialist source — treat it as a pointer.

Good pre-cultures

Stachi has no specific pre-cultures recorded.

Sources

  • LLM-Baseline+gpt-5-review
  • LLM-Baseline-Intercrop
  • LLM-Baseline-2026-05-09 yieldKg
  • LLM-Baseline-2026-05-10 family-zehrer
  • LLM-Baseline-2026-05-10 sun-soil-drainage
  • LWG Bayern (Bayerische Gartenakademie) – Infoschrift Schwarzer Holunder (Sambucus nigra) 3157 (https://www.lwg.bayern.de/mam/cms06/gartenakademie/dateien/3157_info_bf.pdf)

Where these figures come from

Timing
Horticulturally established — consistent across the cited standard works.
Spacing
Limited evidence. This value is not backed by a specialist source — treat it as a pointer.
Companion planting
Limited evidence. This value is not backed by a specialist source — treat it as a pointer.
Crop rotation
Limited evidence. This value is not backed by a specialist source — treat it as a pointer.
Yield
Limited evidence. This value is not backed by a specialist source — treat it as a pointer.

Sources: LLM-Baseline+gpt-5-review · LLM-Baseline-Intercrop · LLM-Baseline-2026-05-09 yieldKg · LLM-Baseline-2026-05-10 family-zehrer · LLM-Baseline-2026-05-10 sun-soil-drainage · LWG Bayern (Bayerische Gartenakademie) – Infoschrift Schwarzer Holunder (Sambucus nigra) 3157 (https://www.lwg.bayern.de/mam/cms06/gartenakademie/dateien/3157_info_bf.pdf)

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