
Berries · Perennial
Elderberry
Adoxaceae
At a glance
- Plant spacing
- 200 cm
- USDA zones
- 4a–8b
- Frost-sensitive
- no
- Growth duration
- 22 weeks
Which beds suit?
- Sun (prefers)
- full sunAlso okay:partial shade
- Soil (prefers)
- loamyAlso okay:claysandy
- Drainage (prefers)
- normalAlso okay:heavy / waterlogged
Seed & start
Perennial
Plant once, returns every year.
Stachi's tip
Elderberry grows large (2-3 m) — better in a ground bed. Flowers for cordial, berries edible ONLY when cooked (raw mildly toxic). Pioneer shrub, grows anywhere.
The plant's year: sowing, transplanting, harvest
Sowing
No sowing weeks recorded.
Transplanting
Harvest
Good neighbours
Limited evidence. This value is not backed by a specialist source — treat it as a pointer.
Avoid these neighbours
No known conflicts.
Limited evidence. This value is not backed by a specialist source — treat it as a pointer.
Good pre-cultures
Stachi has no specific pre-cultures recorded.
Sources
- LLM-Baseline+gpt-5-review
- LLM-Baseline-Intercrop
- LLM-Baseline-2026-05-09 yieldKg
- LLM-Baseline-2026-05-10 family-zehrer
- LLM-Baseline-2026-05-10 sun-soil-drainage
- LWG Bayern (Bayerische Gartenakademie) – Infoschrift Schwarzer Holunder (Sambucus nigra) 3157 (https://www.lwg.bayern.de/mam/cms06/gartenakademie/dateien/3157_info_bf.pdf)
Where these figures come from
- Timing
- Horticulturally established — consistent across the cited standard works.
- Spacing
- Limited evidence. This value is not backed by a specialist source — treat it as a pointer.
- Companion planting
- Limited evidence. This value is not backed by a specialist source — treat it as a pointer.
- Crop rotation
- Limited evidence. This value is not backed by a specialist source — treat it as a pointer.
- Yield
- Limited evidence. This value is not backed by a specialist source — treat it as a pointer.
Sources: LLM-Baseline+gpt-5-review · LLM-Baseline-Intercrop · LLM-Baseline-2026-05-09 yieldKg · LLM-Baseline-2026-05-10 family-zehrer · LLM-Baseline-2026-05-10 sun-soil-drainage · LWG Bayern (Bayerische Gartenakademie) – Infoschrift Schwarzer Holunder (Sambucus nigra) 3157 (https://www.lwg.bayern.de/mam/cms06/gartenakademie/dateien/3157_info_bf.pdf)
Related plants
Products mentioned in this post
- Plantura organic tomato seed set (10 varieties)Open-pollinated, good germination — robust for raised beds.
- Organic tomato seed set, 14 varieties
- Organic heirloom tomato seed set (Demeter, 12 varieties)
- Organic vegetable seed set, 10 varietiesCucumber, tomato, beetroot, broccoli, carrot, chard & more.